11/3/2023 0 Comments TetriAnd the remaining five were amnesiacs, having no short-term memory due to lesions in the hippocampus. Another 10 were experts who had logged between 50 and 500 hours of Tetris prior to the experiment. Twelve of their subjects had never before played the game. They studied three different sets of subjects who all played Tetris over the course of three days-playing for two hours in the morning and in the evening on the first day, and for an hour each morning and evening on the following days of the study. In this latest round of experimentation, Stickgold and his team probed yet a third phase of dreaming-the hypnagogic period that occurs within the first hour of sleep. Stickgold suggested that once the neocortex connects the new memories to others in storage, it sends a message back to the hippocampus to erase them. During the REM dreaming that follows, though, the flow of information flips, from the neocortex back to the hippocampus. The communication between the two brain areas at this time is one way, from the hippocampus to the neocortex. During slow-wave sleep, the hippocampus-a region of the brain that stores recent, episodic memories about discrete events-replays its files for the neocortex, home to more permanent memories. Stickgold hypothesized why these sequential phases of sleep were so crucial, describing a two-step process by which memories important to learning were consolidated and integrated in the brain. Moreover, they found that those who improved the most slept for eight hours, with ample time for both slow-wave and rapid eye movement (REM) periods of sleep. In this set of experiments, they showed that subjects who had slept for six hours or more after learning a new task-in this case, spotting a visual target on a screen as quickly as possible-improved, whereas those who didn't sleep on it didn't. The idea that sleep, and in particular dreaming, serves to cement new information and skills in the brain first gained a lot of attention when Stickgold and his colleagues described another set of findings in the March 1999 issue of the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. They reported their findings in the October 13 issue of Science. And the researchers found that when and how the study's sleeping participants saw these images helps confirm the idea that the brain uses dreaming to reinforce learning. Robert Stickgold and his colleagues at Harvard Medical School recently conducted a clever set of experiments in which they used the game to guide the content of people's dreams: among 17 subjects they trained to play Tetris, more than 60 percent reported dreaming of images associated with the game. But a research tool for delving into the purpose of dreaming? In fact, the game Tetris has proved to be just that. To learn more about how and for what purposes Amazon uses personal information (such as Amazon Store order history), please visit our Privacy Notice.A diversion? Yes. You can change your choices at any time by visiting Cookie Preferences, as described in the Cookie Notice. Click ‘Customise Cookies’ to decline these cookies, make more detailed choices, or learn more. Third parties use cookies for their purposes of displaying and measuring personalised ads, generating audience insights, and developing and improving products. This includes using first- and third-party cookies, which store or access standard device information such as a unique identifier. If you agree, we’ll also use cookies to complement your shopping experience across the Amazon stores as described in our Cookie Notice. We also use these cookies to understand how customers use our services (for example, by measuring site visits) so we can make improvements. We use cookies and similar tools that are necessary to enable you to make purchases, to enhance your shopping experiences and to provide our services, as detailed in our Cookie Notice.
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